{"id":18590,"date":"2025-09-12T15:41:27","date_gmt":"2025-09-12T15:41:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/oudianvalve.com\/?p=18590"},"modified":"2025-09-12T15:41:27","modified_gmt":"2025-09-12T15:41:27","slug":"comprehensive-study-on-bellow-globe-valves-structure-working-principle-failure-modes-and-maintenance-strategies","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/oudianvalve.com\/fr\/2025\/09\/comprehensive-study-on-bellow-globe-valves-structure-working-principle-failure-modes-and-maintenance-strategies\/","title":{"rendered":"Comprehensive Study on Bellow Globe Valves: Structure, Working Principle, Failure Modes, and Maintenance Strategies"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_83 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseprofile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/oudianvalve.com\/fr\/2025\/09\/comprehensive-study-on-bellow-globe-valves-structure-working-principle-failure-modes-and-maintenance-strategies\/#1_Introduction\" >1. Introduction<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/oudianvalve.com\/fr\/2025\/09\/comprehensive-study-on-bellow-globe-valves-structure-working-principle-failure-modes-and-maintenance-strategies\/#2_Structure_and_Working_Principle_of_Bellow_Globe_Valves\" >2. Structure and Working Principle of Bellow Globe Valves<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/oudianvalve.com\/fr\/2025\/09\/comprehensive-study-on-bellow-globe-valves-structure-working-principle-failure-modes-and-maintenance-strategies\/#21_Core_Structural_Components\" >2.1 Core Structural Components<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/oudianvalve.com\/fr\/2025\/09\/comprehensive-study-on-bellow-globe-valves-structure-working-principle-failure-modes-and-maintenance-strategies\/#22_Working_Principle\" >2.2 Working Principle<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/oudianvalve.com\/fr\/2025\/09\/comprehensive-study-on-bellow-globe-valves-structure-working-principle-failure-modes-and-maintenance-strategies\/#23_Operational_Characteristics_and_Advantages\" >2.3 Operational Characteristics and Advantages<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/oudianvalve.com\/fr\/2025\/09\/comprehensive-study-on-bellow-globe-valves-structure-working-principle-failure-modes-and-maintenance-strategies\/#3_Application_Fields_of_Bellow_Globe_Valves\" >3. Application Fields of Bellow Globe Valves<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/oudianvalve.com\/fr\/2025\/09\/comprehensive-study-on-bellow-globe-valves-structure-working-principle-failure-modes-and-maintenance-strategies\/#31_Petroleum_and_Natural_Gas_Industry\" >3.1 Petroleum and Natural Gas Industry<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/oudianvalve.com\/fr\/2025\/09\/comprehensive-study-on-bellow-globe-valves-structure-working-principle-failure-modes-and-maintenance-strategies\/#32_Power_Industry\" >3.2 Power Industry<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/oudianvalve.com\/fr\/2025\/09\/comprehensive-study-on-bellow-globe-valves-structure-working-principle-failure-modes-and-maintenance-strategies\/#33_Chemical_and_Pharmaceutical_Industries\" >3.3 Chemical and Pharmaceutical Industries<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/oudianvalve.com\/fr\/2025\/09\/comprehensive-study-on-bellow-globe-valves-structure-working-principle-failure-modes-and-maintenance-strategies\/#34_Other_Application_Fields\" >3.4 Other Application Fields<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/oudianvalve.com\/fr\/2025\/09\/comprehensive-study-on-bellow-globe-valves-structure-working-principle-failure-modes-and-maintenance-strategies\/#4_Common_Failure_Modes_of_Bellow_Globe_Valves\" >4. Common Failure Modes of Bellow Globe Valves<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/oudianvalve.com\/fr\/2025\/09\/comprehensive-study-on-bellow-globe-valves-structure-working-principle-failure-modes-and-maintenance-strategies\/#41_Bellows-Related_Failures\" >4.1 Bellows-Related Failures<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/oudianvalve.com\/fr\/2025\/09\/comprehensive-study-on-bellow-globe-valves-structure-working-principle-failure-modes-and-maintenance-strategies\/#42_Sealing_Pair_Failures\" >4.2 Sealing Pair Failures<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/oudianvalve.com\/fr\/2025\/09\/comprehensive-study-on-bellow-globe-valves-structure-working-principle-failure-modes-and-maintenance-strategies\/#43_Actuation_and_Transmission_Mechanism_Failures\" >4.3 Actuation and Transmission Mechanism Failures<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/oudianvalve.com\/fr\/2025\/09\/comprehensive-study-on-bellow-globe-valves-structure-working-principle-failure-modes-and-maintenance-strategies\/#44_Other_Failures\" >4.4 Other Failures<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/oudianvalve.com\/fr\/2025\/09\/comprehensive-study-on-bellow-globe-valves-structure-working-principle-failure-modes-and-maintenance-strategies\/#5_Maintenance_Methods_and_Technologies_for_Bellow_Globe_Valves\" >5. Maintenance Methods and Technologies for Bellow Globe Valves<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/oudianvalve.com\/fr\/2025\/09\/comprehensive-study-on-bellow-globe-valves-structure-working-principle-failure-modes-and-maintenance-strategies\/#51_Daily_Inspection_and_Maintenance\" >5.1 Daily Inspection and Maintenance<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/oudianvalve.com\/fr\/2025\/09\/comprehensive-study-on-bellow-globe-valves-structure-working-principle-failure-modes-and-maintenance-strategies\/#52_Bellows_Maintenance_and_Replacement\" >5.2 Bellows Maintenance and Replacement<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\" href=\"https:\/\/oudianvalve.com\/fr\/2025\/09\/comprehensive-study-on-bellow-globe-valves-structure-working-principle-failure-modes-and-maintenance-strategies\/#53_Sealing_Pair_Maintenance_and_Repair\" >5.3 Sealing Pair Maintenance and Repair<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Introduction\"><\/span>1. Introduction<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.stvvalves.com\/products\/din-pn16-cast-steel-bellow-globe-valve\/\">Bellow globe valves<\/a> are critical components in industrial piping systems, widely used in industries such as petroleum, chemical engineering, power generation, and pharmaceuticals. They are particularly indispensable in scenarios involving high-temperature, high-pressure, toxic, corrosive, or flammable media control. Unlike traditional globe valves with packing seals, bellow globe valves adopt metal bellows as the primary sealing element, achieving &#8220;zero leakage&#8221; sealing performance and significantly enhancing system safety and reliability. With the continuous improvement of industrial automation and increasingly stringent environmental requirements, the application scope of bellow globe valves is expanding, and higher demands are being placed on their performance and reliability.<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\">This paper aims to conduct an in-depth and comprehensive study on bellow globe valves, systematically elaborating on their structural composition, working principle, common failure modes, and maintenance methods. It provides theoretical guidance and practical references for relevant engineering and technical personnel. Through this study, readers will gain a comprehensive understanding of the technical characteristics, application scenarios, and maintenance key points of bellow globe valves, enabling better selection, use, and maintenance of such valves to improve system safety and operational efficiency.<\/div>\n<h2 class=\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Structure_and_Working_Principle_of_Bellow_Globe_Valves\"><\/span>2. Structure and Working Principle of Bellow Globe Valves<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3 class=\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"21_Core_Structural_Components\"><\/span>2.1 Core Structural Components<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\">A bellow globe valve mainly consists of a valve body, valve cover, valve stem, valve disc, valve seat, bellows assembly, sealing packing, and actuation device. Its core structural feature is the use of a metal bellows as the valve stem sealing element, replacing the packing box sealing structure of traditional globe valves.<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br mdbox-table-root table-container-GhL7Lo\" data-scroll-inline-overflow=\"false\" data-scroll-inline-at-start=\"true\" data-scroll-inline-start-overflow=\"false\" data-scroll-inline-at-end=\"true\" data-scroll-inline-end-overflow=\"false\">\n<div class=\"table-scroll-container-hgHkfW mdbox-table-scroll-container\">\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Component Name<\/th>\n<th>Material Selection<\/th>\n<th>Functional Description<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Valve Body<\/td>\n<td>Carbon steel, stainless steel, alloy steel, etc.<\/td>\n<td>The outer shell of the valve, providing a fluid channel and connection interfaces.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Valve Stem<\/td>\n<td>Stainless steel (e.g., 304, 316), alloy tool steel<\/td>\n<td>Transmits the driving force to control the movement of the valve disc.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Bellows<\/td>\n<td>Stainless steel (e.g., 304, 316), Inconel alloy, etc.<\/td>\n<td>The primary sealing element, preventing medium leakage.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Valve Disc\/Seat<\/td>\n<td>Stainless steel, hard alloy overlay welding<\/td>\n<td>Forms a sealing pair to control fluid on-off.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Actuation Device<\/td>\n<td>Manual, pneumatic, electric, hydraulic, etc.<\/td>\n<td>Provides operating power to control valve opening and closing.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\">The bellows is the core component of the bellow globe valve, usually made of multi-layer thin-walled metal materials (such as 304, 316L, or Inconel alloy), with excellent elasticity and fatigue resistance. One end of the bellows is welded to the valve stem, and the other end is welded to the valve cover or valve body, forming a sealed cavity that completely isolates the valve stem from the external environment, thereby achieving leak-free sealing.<\/div>\n<h3 class=\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"22_Working_Principle\"><\/span>2.2 Working Principle<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\">The working principle of a bellow globe valve is based on the elastic deformation characteristics of the bellows and the sealing cooperation between the valve disc and the valve seat. When the actuation device (such as a handwheel or electric actuator) applies force to the valve stem, the valve stem drives the valve disc to move up and down:<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">\n<li>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\"><strong>Opening Process<\/strong>: Rotate the handwheel counterclockwise or activate the electric actuator. The valve stem moves upward, the bellows is stretched, the valve disc leaves the valve seat, the fluid channel opens, and the medium can pass through the valve.<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\"><strong>Closing Process<\/strong>: Rotate the handwheel clockwise or deactivate the electric actuator. The valve stem moves downward, the bellows is compressed, the valve disc is pressed tightly against the valve seat, and the sealing surface forms a tight contact to prevent fluid from passing through.<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\">The elastic deformation capability of the bellows allows it to adapt to the movement of the valve stem without causing leakage, while compensating for thermal expansion or contraction caused by temperature changes. This design completely eliminates the problem of packing aging and leakage in the traditional packing sealing structure, providing more reliable sealing performance.<\/div>\n<h3 class=\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"23_Operational_Characteristics_and_Advantages\"><\/span>2.3 Operational Characteristics and Advantages<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\">Compared with traditional globe valves, bellow globe valves have the following significant advantages:<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">\n<li>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\"><strong>Zero Leakage Sealing<\/strong>: The metal bellows provides an absolute sealing barrier, completely eliminating the possibility of valve stem leakage. It is particularly suitable for applications involving toxic, flammable, explosive, or valuable media.<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\"><strong>High-Temperature and High-Pressure Resistance<\/strong>: The metal bellows can withstand high-temperature (up to 425\u00b0C) and high-pressure (up to 2500LB) environments, while maintaining excellent sealing performance under extreme conditions.<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\"><strong>Long Service Life<\/strong>: The fatigue life of the bellows is usually tens of thousands of cycles or more, much longer than that of the traditional packing sealing structure, reducing maintenance frequency and downtime.<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\"><strong>Low Maintenance Requirements<\/strong>: There is no need for regular adjustment or replacement of packing, greatly reducing maintenance workload and costs.<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\"><strong>R\u00e9sistance \u00e0 la corrosion<\/strong>: Selecting appropriate materials (such as 316L, Inconel, etc.) can resist corrosion from various corrosive media.<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\"><strong>Precise Control<\/strong>: The linear deformation characteristics of the bellows enable the valve to have excellent flow regulation performance, suitable for occasions requiring precise control.<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\"><strong>High Safety<\/strong>: Eliminates the risk of external leakage, improving system safety, especially suitable for application scenarios with high safety requirements.<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2 class=\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_Application_Fields_of_Bellow_Globe_Valves\"><\/span>3. Application Fields of Bellow Globe Valves<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3 class=\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"31_Petroleum_and_Natural_Gas_Industry\"><\/span>3.1 Petroleum and Natural Gas Industry<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\">In the petroleum and natural gas industry, bellow globe valves are widely used in the following scenarios:<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">\n<li>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\"><strong>Oil and Gas Extraction<\/strong>: In wellhead devices and Christmas tree systems, bellow globe valves are used to control the flow of high-pressure oil and gas, ensuring safe extraction.<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\"><strong>Oil and Gas Processing<\/strong>: In oil and gas separation, desulfurization, dehydration, and other processing processes, they are used to control the flow of corrosive media.<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\"><strong>Pipeline Transportation<\/strong>: In oil and gas pipeline systems, they are used for pressure regulation, flow control, and emergency shutdown.<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\"><strong>Oil Refining and Chemical Engineering<\/strong>: In oil refineries and petrochemical plants, they are used to control the flow of various petroleum products and chemical raw materials.<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\">The application advantages of bellow globe valves in the petroleum and natural gas industry lie in their high-pressure resistance, corrosion resistance, and zero-leakage characteristics, which can ensure safe and reliable operation in harsh environments.<\/div>\n<h3 class=\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"32_Power_Industry\"><\/span>3.2 Power Industry<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\">In the power industry, bellow globe valves are mainly used in:<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">\n<li>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\"><strong>Thermal Power Plants<\/strong>: In steam systems, feedwater systems, and condensate systems, they are used to control the flow of high-temperature and high-pressure steam and water.<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\"><strong>Nuclear Power Plants<\/strong>: In nuclear reactor coolant systems and auxiliary systems, they are used to control high-temperature, high-pressure, and radioactive media, ensuring safe system operation.<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\"><strong>Renewable Energy<\/strong>: In renewable energy systems such as solar energy, geothermal energy, and biomass energy, they are used to control the flow of various media.<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\">The power industry has extremely high requirements for valve reliability, and the zero-leakage and long-life characteristics of bellow globe valves make them the ideal choice for key positions.<\/div>\n<h3 class=\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"33_Chemical_and_Pharmaceutical_Industries\"><\/span>3.3 Chemical and Pharmaceutical Industries<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\">In the chemical and pharmaceutical industries, bellow globe valves are widely used in:<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">\n<li>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\"><strong>Chemical Production<\/strong>: At the inlets and outlets of various chemical reactors, distillation towers, storage tanks, etc., they are used to control corrosive, toxic, flammable, or explosive media.<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\"><strong>Pharmaceutical Production<\/strong>: In the pharmaceutical production process, they are used to control high-purity, sterile, or toxic media, meeting GMP requirements.<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\"><strong>Fine Chemicals<\/strong>: In the production process of fine chemical products such as dyes, coatings, and cosmetics, they are used for precise flow and pressure control.<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\">The chemical and pharmaceutical industries have extremely high requirements for medium purity and sealing performance, and the zero-leakage characteristics and corrosion resistance of bellow globe valves make them the ideal choice.<\/div>\n<h3 class=\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"34_Other_Application_Fields\"><\/span>3.4 Other Application Fields<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\">In addition to the above-mentioned major industries, bellow globe valves are also widely used in:<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">\n<li>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\"><strong>Food and Beverage<\/strong>: In the food and beverage production process, they are used to control the flow of various liquid raw materials and products, meeting hygiene requirements.<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\"><strong>Water Treatment<\/strong>: In water treatment systems, they are used to control the addition of various chemical agents and the flow of water.<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\"><strong>Shipbuilding<\/strong>: In the power systems, cooling systems, and ballast water systems of ships, they are used to control the flow of various media.<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\"><strong>Aerospace<\/strong>: In the hydraulic systems and fuel systems of aircraft and spacecraft, they are used to control the flow of various fluids.<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2 class=\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_Common_Failure_Modes_of_Bellow_Globe_Valves\"><\/span>4. Common Failure Modes of Bellow Globe Valves<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3 class=\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"41_Bellows-Related_Failures\"><\/span>4.1 Bellows-Related Failures<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\">The bellows is the most critical component of the bellow globe valve and is also the part most prone to failure. Common bellows failures include:<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">\n<li>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\"><strong>Fatigue Cracks<\/strong>: Long-term cyclic expansion and contraction lead to metal fatigue, and cracks are prone to occur at the root or weld of the bellows. The fatigue life of the bellows is usually related to the material, wall thickness, corrugation shape, and working conditions. When the working pressure fluctuates frequently or the amplitude is large, the fatigue life will be significantly reduced.<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\"><strong>Corrosion Perforation<\/strong>: Corrosive media (such as acid, alkali, and salt solutions) react chemically with the bellows material, causing the material to be gradually eroded and form small holes or perforations. Pitting corrosion, crevice corrosion, and stress corrosion cracking are common forms of corrosion. Especially in environments containing chloride ions, stainless steel bellows are prone to stress corrosion cracking.<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\"><strong>Overload Deformation<\/strong>: Improper operation (such as excessive force during manual operation) or abnormal system pressure causes the bellows to be overstretched or compressed, exceeding its elastic limit and resulting in permanent deformation. This will lead to a decrease in sealing performance or even complete failure.<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\"><strong>High-Temperature Aging<\/strong>: In a long-term high-temperature environment (such as exceeding 300\u00b0C), the elasticity of the metal material gradually decreases, the bellows becomes brittle, and cracks are prone to occur.<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\"><strong>Welding Defects<\/strong>: Defects (such as air holes, incomplete fusion, cracks, etc.) exist at the welding position of the bellows with the valve stem or valve cover. These defects may expand during use, leading to leakage.<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\"><strong>Mechanical Damage<\/strong>: Improper operation during installation or maintenance may cause scratches or dents on the bellows surface. These damages will become stress concentration points, accelerating the formation of fatigue cracks.<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3 class=\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"42_Sealing_Pair_Failures\"><\/span>4.2 Sealing Pair Failures<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\">The sealing pair formed by the valve disc and the valve seat is another part prone to failure. Common failures include:<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">\n<li>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\"><strong>Sealing Surface Wear<\/strong>: Frequent opening and closing operations or solid particles in the medium cause wear on the sealing surface, reducing the sealing performance. Wear usually manifests as scratches, pits, or uneven wear on the sealing surface.<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\"><strong>Sealing Surface Corrosion<\/strong>: Corrosive media react chemically with the sealing surface material, causing the material to be eroded and forming pits or corrosion grooves.<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\"><strong>Sealing Surface Deformation<\/strong>: In a high-temperature environment, the sealing surface material may creep or deform, leading to a decrease in sealing performance.<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\"><strong>Medium Crystallization or Precipitation<\/strong>: After the valve is closed, some media may crystallize or precipitate on the sealing surface, making it impossible to completely close the valve or difficult to open again.<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\"><strong>Sealing Surface Damage<\/strong>: Improper installation or foreign objects entering the valve may cause damage to the sealing surface, forming scratches or pits and affecting the sealing performance.<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3 class=\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"43_Actuation_and_Transmission_Mechanism_Failures\"><\/span>4.3 Actuation and Transmission Mechanism Failures<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\">Failures of the actuation and transmission mechanism may cause the valve to fail to operate normally. Common failures include:<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">\n<li>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\"><strong>Valve Stem Jamming<\/strong>: The gap between the valve stem and the guide sleeve is too small, insufficient lubrication, or corrosion causes the valve stem to be blocked during movement.<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\"><strong>Valve Stem Bending<\/strong>: Excessive operating force or improper installation causes the valve stem to bend, affecting the normal opening and closing of the valve.<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\"><strong>Thread Wear<\/strong>: The connecting threads between the valve stem and the handwheel or actuator are worn due to frequent operation or insufficient lubrication, leading to a decrease in transmission efficiency or inability to transmit torque.<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\"><strong>Actuator Failures<\/strong>: The motor burnout and control board damage of the electric actuator, and the diaphragm rupture and cylinder air leakage of the pneumatic actuator will cause the actuator to fail to work normally.<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\"><strong>Limit Switch Failures<\/strong>: The limit switch of the electric actuator malfunctions, causing the valve to fail to correctly indicate the fully open or fully closed position, and even causing over-travel damage.<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3 class=\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"44_Other_Failures\"><\/span>4.4 Other Failures<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\">In addition to the above-mentioned major failures, bellow globe valves may also experience the following problems:<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">\n<li>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\"><strong>Packing Box Leakage<\/strong>: Although the bellows is the main sealing element, some designs still retain the packing box as an auxiliary seal. If the packing ages or is improperly installed, it may cause leakage.<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\"><strong>Valve Cover or Valve Body Leakage<\/strong>: Problems occur at the connection and sealing position (such as gaskets, bolts) between the valve cover and the valve body, causing medium leakage.<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\"><strong>Valve Vibration<\/strong>: Excessively high fluid flow rate or improper valve opening may cause valve vibration, affecting the service life and generating noise.<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\"><strong>Medium Backflow<\/strong>: In globe valves with check valve functions, damage to the sealing surface may cause medium backflow, affecting the normal operation of the system.<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2 class=\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5_Maintenance_Methods_and_Technologies_for_Bellow_Globe_Valves\"><\/span>5. Maintenance Methods and Technologies for Bellow Globe Valves<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3 class=\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"51_Daily_Inspection_and_Maintenance\"><\/span>5.1 Daily Inspection and Maintenance<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\">Daily inspection is an important means to timely detect potential problems of bellow globe valves and should include the following contents:<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">\n<li>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\"><strong>Visual Inspection<\/strong>: Regularly check whether there are leakage traces, corrosion, or mechanical damage on the external part of the valve. Pay special attention to whether there are cracks, deformation, or corrosion signs on the bellows surface.<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\"><strong>Operation Inspection<\/strong>: Check whether the opening and closing operation of the valve is smooth, and whether there is jamming or abnormal resistance. Pay attention to whether the operating torque increases significantly, which may be a sign of sealing surface wear or valve stem jamming.<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\"><strong>Leakage Detection<\/strong>: Use leak detection instruments or soapy water to check whether there is leakage at each sealing part of the valve. Pay special attention to the bellows part and the valve cover connection.<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\"><strong>Temperature Inspection<\/strong>: In a high-temperature environment, use an infrared thermometer to check whether the temperature of each part of the valve is normal and whether there are abnormal hot spots.<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\"><strong>Pressure Inspection<\/strong>: Check whether the pressure before and after the valve is normal, and whether there are abnormal pressure fluctuations or pressure drops.<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\"><strong>Recording and Analysis<\/strong>: Establish a valve maintenance file, record the inspection results and abnormal situations, analyze the change trend, and timely detect potential problems.<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\">The focus of daily maintenance is to keep the valve clean, prevent corrosion and mechanical damage. The valve surface should be cleaned regularly to remove dust, oil, and corrosive substances. For valves installed outdoors, protective devices should be considered to prevent accelerated material aging due to sun and rain.<\/div>\n<h3 class=\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"52_Bellows_Maintenance_and_Replacement\"><\/span>5.2 Bellows Maintenance and Replacement<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\">Bellows maintenance is crucial to ensuring valve performance, and the following points should be noted:<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">\n<li>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\"><strong>Bellows Inspection<\/strong>: Regularly check whether there are cracks, deformation, corrosion, or mechanical damage on the bellows surface. For concealed bellows, tools such as endoscopes can be used for internal inspection.<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\"><strong>Non-Destructive Testing<\/strong>: Regularly perform non-destructive testing on the bellows, such as magnetic particle testing, penetration testing, or ultrasonic testing, to detect internal defects or cracks.<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\"><strong>Overload Prevention<\/strong>: Operate the valve in strict accordance with the operating procedures to avoid excessive force or over-pressure operation, and prevent overload deformation of the bellows.<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\"><strong>Medium Control<\/strong>: Control the content of solid particles in the medium. If necessary, install a filter upstream of the valve to prevent particles from entering the valve and wearing the bellows or sealing surface.<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\"><strong>Temperature Control<\/strong>: Avoid long-term operation of the valve in an environment exceeding the design temperature to prevent aging of the bellows material.<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\">The bellows should be considered for replacement when the following situations occur:<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">\n<li>Obvious cracks or corrosion perforations appear on the bellows surface<\/li>\n<li>The bellows has permanent deformation and cannot be restored<\/li>\n<li>Leakage is found in the bellows leakage test<\/li>\n<li>The expansion and contraction performance of the bellows decreases significantly<\/li>\n<li>The fatigue life of the bellows is close to the design life<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\">When replacing the bellows, a product with the same model as the original or better performance should be selected, and correct installation should be ensured. During the installation process, the bellows should be avoided from being twisted or overstretched, and the operation should be strictly in accordance with the installation instructions.<\/div>\n<h3 class=\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"53_Sealing_Pair_Maintenance_and_Repair\"><\/span>5.3 Sealing Pair Maintenance and Repair<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\">The maintenance of the sealing pair is crucial to ensuring the sealing performance of the valve, and the following points should be noted:<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">\n<li>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\"><strong>Sealing Surface Inspection<\/strong>: Regularly check whether there are wear, corrosion, scratches, or other damages on the sealing surface. For important valves, a high-power magnifying glass or endoscope can be used for detailed inspection.<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\"><strong>Cleaning Treatment<\/strong>: Regularly clean the sealing surface to remove medium residues, crystals, or sediments, and prevent these substances from affecting the sealing performance.<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\"><strong>Dry Grinding Prevention<\/strong>: Avoid frequent operation of the valve in the absence of medium to prevent accelerated wear of the sealing surface due to dry grinding.<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\"><strong>Lubrication Maintenance<\/strong>: According to the medium characteristics, select a suitable lubricant to regularly lubricate the sealing surface, reduce friction and wear. For special industries such as food and medicine, a lubricant that meets hygiene requirements should be used.<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\">When slight wear or corrosion occurs on the sealing surface, repair can be considered:<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">\n<li>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\"><strong>Grinding Repair<\/strong>: Use grinding tools and grinding paste to grind the sealing surface, remove surface defects, and restore the sealing performance. During the grinding process, attention should be paid to controlling the grinding amount to avoid excessive grinding resulting in thinning of the sealing surface.<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\"><strong>Overlay Welding Repair<\/strong>: For sealing surfaces with severe wear, overlay welding can be used for repair. Select a suitable welding rod according to the original sealing surface material, and process and grind after overlay welding.<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\"><strong>Spraying Treatment<\/strong>: Use thermal spraying technology to spray wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant materials on the sealing surface to improve the performance and service life of the<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>1. Introduction Bellow globe valves are critical components in industrial piping systems, widely used in industries such as petroleum, chemical engineering, power generation, and pharmaceuticals. They are particularly indispensable in scenarios involving high-temperature, high-pressure, toxic, corrosive, or flammable media control. Unlike traditional globe valves with packing seals, bellow globe valves adopt metal bellows as the [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"advanced_seo_description":"","jetpack_seo_html_title":"","jetpack_seo_noindex":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[674],"class_list":["post-18590","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-industry-news","tag-bellow-globe-valves"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/oudianvalve.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18590","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/oudianvalve.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/oudianvalve.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oudianvalve.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oudianvalve.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=18590"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/oudianvalve.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18590\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":18591,"href":"https:\/\/oudianvalve.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18590\/revisions\/18591"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/oudianvalve.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=18590"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oudianvalve.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=18590"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oudianvalve.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=18590"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}